Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) is a cardiac emergency involving reduced blood flow to the heart, typically from plaque rupture or thrombosis.
For NCLEX and clinicals, nurses must identify priority nursing diagnoses, interventions, and patient outcomes quickly.
Nursing Care Plan #1 – Acute Pain
Nursing Diagnosis: Acute Pain related to myocardial ischemia
Interventions & Rationales:
- Assess the characteristics of chest pain and provide nitroglycerin as prescribed.
- Administer oxygen and maintain rest.
- Monitor ECG for ischemic changes.
Desired Outcome:
Pain is relieved, and oxygenation improves.
Nursing Care Plan #2 – Decreased Cardiac Output
Nursing Diagnosis: Decreased Cardiac Output related to reduced myocardial contractility
Interventions & Rationales:
- Monitor vital signs, urine output, and ECG.
- Administer cardiac medications as ordered.
- Encourage gradual activity as tolerated.
Desired Outcome:
Patient maintains stable vital signs and improved perfusion.
Nursing Care Plan #3 – Anxiety
Nursing Diagnosis: Anxiety related to threat of death
Interventions & Rationales:
- Provide reassurance and clear communication.
- Encourage expression of fears.
- Maintain calm environment.
Desired Outcome:
Patient reports decreased anxiety and demonstrates understanding of the treatment plan.
FAQ
1. What are the first nursing actions for a patient with ACS?
Administer oxygen, perform ECG, give nitrates, and alert the provider immediately.
2. What should patients know before discharge?
Continue medications, modify lifestyle, and attend cardiac rehab.
Peer-Reviewed References
- Brunner & Suddarth’s Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing.
- Lewis et al., Medical-Surgical Nursing: Assessment and Management of Clinical Problems.
- Ignatavicius & Workman, Medical-Surgical Nursing.
- American Heart Association Guidelines, 2023.